Publications in Journala:

1.     Gatimbu, K. K., & Nthakanio, P. N. (2026). Sustainability of affordable housing programs in Kenya: A case of Meru and Embu Counties. PLOS ONE, 21(7), Article e0343915. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0343915

2.     Nthakanio, P. N. (2026). Feasibility of Basmati hybrid seed production in Kenya using high-temperature–induced EGMS (2-line system). African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 26(5), 29818–29845. https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.152.26765

3.     Oyange, W. A., Njiruh, P. N., Koskei, V. K., & Mwendwa, F. M. (2026). Agronomic practices and grain yields of Basmati 370 rice variety under common farmer husbandry practices in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya: A review. Agricultural Reviews. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.RF-413

4.     Gatere, F. W., Njiruh, P. N., Kanya, J. I., & Arunga, E. E. (2025). Introgressing sd-1 gene into Basmati 370 rice. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 25(1), 25683–25700. https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.138.24995

5.     Shivachi, A., Nthakanio, P. N., Arunga, E. E., & Otsyula, R. (2025). Evaluation of advanced common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding lines for multiple disease resistance and yield in Western Kenya. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 25(7), 27265–27288. https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.144.25980

6.     Nyankemba, B. N., Arunga, E. E., & Nthakanio, P. N. (2024). Introgressing photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterile gene into Basmati 370 rice. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 12(5), 756–769. https://doi.org/10.18006/2024.12(5).756.769

7.     Wachira, E., Nthakanio, P.N, & Yegon, R. (2024). Rice husk biochar for carbon sequestration, soil fertility and plant health improvement: A review. African Phytosanitary Journal, 4(2), 54–[end page]. https://doi.org/10.52855/HKZC5394

8.     Shinda, C. A., Nthakanio, P. N., Gitari, J. N., Runo, S., Mukono, S., & Maina, S. (2022). Nutrient content of sorghum hybrid lines between Gadam and hard coat tannin sorghum cultivars. Food Science & Nutrition, 10, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.2830

9.     Wafula, J. N. K., Mugendi, F. N., Nthakanio, P. N., Mosioma, J. O., & Onyari, C. A. N. (2022). Effects of variety, spacing and nitrogen application on chickpea (Cicer arietinum) growth and yield in Embu County, Kenya. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 10(1), 32–47. https://doi.org/10.18006/2022.10(1).32.47

10.  Shinda, C. A., Gitari, J. N., Nthakanio, P. N., Runo, S., Gichimu, B., & Maina, S. (2021). Performance assessment of crosses between Gadam and hardcore tannin sorghum in hybrid lines production. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 9(4), 417–431. https://doi.org/10.18006/2021.9(4).417.431

11.  Wafula, J. K., Mosioma, J. O., Onyari, C. A. N., Nthakanio, P. N., & Njoka, F. M. (2021). Heterosis in chickpea for grain productivity in Embu County, Kenya. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 9(6), 715–726. https://doi.org/10.18006/2021.9(6).715.726

12.  Wafula, J. K., Njoka, F. M., Nthakanio, P. N., Mosioma, J. O., Mukono, S. T., & Onyari, C. A. N. (2021). Nodulation and protein content of selected chickpea varieties as impacted by spacing and n-fertiliser rates in Eastern Kenya. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 17(6), 882–895. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2021.15597

13.  Gichimu, B. M., Muthee, A. I., & Nthakanio, P. N. (2020). Agronomic benefits of Shubhodaya-mycorrhizal bio-fertilizer on banana production in Embu County, Kenya. Journal of Agronomy, 19(2), 65–75. https://doi.org/10.3923/ja.2020.65.75

14.  Kiema, A. M., Kitilit, J. K., Nthakanio, P. N., Kios, D. K., & Rachuonyo, H. (2020). The effect of upgrading indigenous goat breeds with German Alpine on milk yields at Manyatta Division of Embu County. African Journal of Education, Science and Technology, 6(1), 278–[end page].

15.  Muchoka, J. P., Mugendi, D. N., Njiruh, P. N., Onyari, C., Mbugua, P. K., & Njeru, E. M. (2020a). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization in the rhizosphere of Aspilia pruliseta Schweif. ext Schweif in the semiarid Eastern Kenya. Air, Soil and Water Research, 13, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/1178622120969190

16.  Muchoka, J. P., Mugendi, D. N., Njiruh, P. N., Onyari, C. N., Mbugua, P. K., & Njeru, E. M. (2020b). Mycorrhiza co-association with Aspilia pruliseta Schweif. and phosphorus uptake effects on growth of gadam sorghum in the semi-arid lower Eastern Kenya. Journal of Dryland Agriculture, 6(5), 46–53. https://doi.org/10.5897/JODA2020.0048

17.  Oyange, W. A., Chemining’wa, G. N., Kanya, J. I., & Njiruh, P. N. (2020). Effect of time of Azolla incorporation and inorganic fertilizer application on growth and yield of Basmati rice. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 15(3), 464–472. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2019.14456

18.  Oyange, W. A., Kanya, J. I., Chemining’wa, G. N., & Njiruh, P. N. (2020). Morphological and molecular characterization of Azolla accessions in Kenya. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, 23, Article 70.

19.  Muthee, A. I., Gichimu, B. M., & Nthakanio, P. N. (2019). Analysis of banana production practices and constraints in Embu County, Kenya. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, 9(1), 123–132. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.1005/2019.9.1/1005.1.123.132

20.  Oyange, W. A., Chemining’wa, G. N., Kanya, J. I., & Njiruh, P. N. (2019a). Azolla fern in Mwea Irrigation Scheme and its potential nitrogen contribution in paddy rice production. Journal of Agricultural Science, 11(18), 30. https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n18p30

21.  Oyange, W. A., Chemining’wa, G. N., Kanya, J. I., & Njiruh, P. N. (2019b). Effects of Azolla and inorganic nitrogen application on growth and yield of rice in Mwea irrigation scheme. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 14(3), 1–8.

22.  Oyange, W. A., Chemining’wa, G. N., Kanya, J. I., & Njiruh, P. N. (2019c). Effects of Azolla biomass growth on flood water temperature and pH, tillering and yield of paddy rice. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, 22, 785–794.

23.  Oyange, W. A., Chemining’wa, G. N., Kanya, J. I., & Njiruh, P. N. (2019d). Effects of inorganic nutrient P and N application on Azolla biomass growth and nutrient uptake. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 14(2), 1–9.

24.  Ngigi, D. M., Githui, E. K., Aman, R. A., Wanjala, F. M., Stella, R. K., Njiru, P. N., & Nguu, E. K. (2018). Populations of Biomphalaria spp. snails isolates in Kenya show variable resistance to schistosome infection. Research and Reviews in Biosciences, 13(3), Article 144.

25.  Odeny Ojola, P., Nyaboga, E. N., Njiru, P. N., & Orinda, G. (2018). Overexpression of rice thaumatin-like protein (Ostlp) gene in transgenic cassava results in enhanced tolerance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. manihotis. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 16(2), 419–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.12.002

26.  Maina, S., Miano, D. W., Mbogo, E., Amimo, J. O., Irungu, J., & Njiruh, P. N. (2017). Occurrence and genetic variability of partial coat protein gene of Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) in Kenya. African Journal of Biotechnology, 16(45), 2112–2120. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB2017.15969

27.  Nthakanio, N. P., & Wakhungu, J. (2017). Emergence of bio/agro-terrorism in Kenya. Annual Research & Review in Biology, 15(6), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.9734/ARRB/2017/34167

28.  Nthakanio, N. P., & Xue, Q. (2014). Demarcating day-light-length from temperature effects in PGMS rice using back tracking method. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 5(5), 40–52.

29.  Kanya, J. I., Nthakanio, N. P., Kimani, J. M., Wajogu, R. K., & Kariuki, S. N. (2013). Evaluation of photoperiod and thermosensitive genic male sterile lines for hybrid rice seeds production in Kenya. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 3(2), 21–39.

30.  Njiruh, P. N., Kanya, J. I., Kimani, J. M., & Wajogu, R. K. (2013). Production of hybrid basmati rice in Kenya: Progress and challenges. International Journal of Innovations in Bio-Sciences, 3(4), 115–124.

31.  Njoroge, S., Muigai, A. W. T., Njiruh, P. N., & Kariuki, S. (2013). Molecular characterisation and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Escherichia coli isolates from goats slaughtered in parts of Kenya. East African Medical Journal, 90(1), 1–11.

32.  Nthakanio, N. P., Kanya, J. I., Kimani, J. M., Wanjogu, R. K., & Kariuki, S. N. (2013). Segregation disortion of anthocyanin morphological marker in F2 population of cross between basmati and environment genic male sterile rice lines. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 3(12), 43–52.

33.  Nthakanio, N. P., & Xue, Q. (2013). Tracking the expression of photosensitive genic male sterility genes in rice. African Journal of Biotechnology, 12(47), 6583–6590. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB12.531

34.  Maina, S., Runo, S. M., Miano, D. W., Njiruh, P. N., John, I., Mbogo, E., & Monjero, E. (2012, November 15–16). Partial nucleotide sequences of sweet potato leaf curl virus occurring in Kenya and its phylogenetic relationship with other members of begomoviruses [Conference paper]. 2012 JKUAT Scientific, Technological and Industrialization Conference: Science, Technology and Innovation for Sustainable Development (pp. 9–17), Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.

35.  Nthakanio, N. P., Kanya, J. I., Kimani, J., & Wanjogu, R. (2012, June 28). High temperature compensation to make PGMS completely sterile under short day length growth conditions [Conference abstract]. 3rd Kenya Rice Researchers Forum Symposium, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute Headquarters, Nairobi, Kenya.

36.  Nthakanio, N. P., & Xue, Q. (2011). Programmed cell death-like behavior in photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile (PGMS) rice. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(16), 3027–3034.

37.  Wangai, L. N., Karau, M. G., Njiruh, P. N., Sabah, O., Kimani, F. T., Magoma, G., & Kiambo, N. (2011). Sensitivity of microscopy compared to molecular diagnosis of P. falciparum: Implications on malaria treatment in epidemic areas in Kenya. African Journal of Infectious Diseases, 5(1), 1–6.

38.  Kinyua, A., Damoah, R., Wilson, J., Murdock, M., Peters, K., Nthakanio, P.N, Kawira, M., Matey, E., Antwiwaa, A., Sappor, S., & Quansah, J. (n.d.). Training in the access, evaluation and exploration (AEE) of satellite and public health data sets by using Giovanni system and basic statistical packages [Conference paper].

Presentation of Papers at Academic and Professional Conferences

  1. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio (2014) Biotechnology and Genetic engineering- a key to bio-economy. 3rd National Biosafety Conference, 11th – 14th August, 2014. Kenyatta International Conference Centre, Nairobi, Kenya. page 32.
  2. Kariuki Njau Simon Njiruh Paul Nthakanio (2014) Complete male sterility induction in PGMS/TGMS- A new opening to use of Hybrid rice seed Technology in Kenya, PG 30. The 2nd Technical University of Kenya Science, Technology and Innovation Research Conference, June 24th -27th, 2014, KICD, Nnairobi
  3. Ngie Mwende and Njiruh Paul (2014) Effects of leaf plucking frequency and spacing on small sugar pumpkin production , Pg.24. The 2nd Technical University of Kenya Science, Technology and Innovation Research Conference, June 24th -27th, 2014, KICD, Nnairobi
  4. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio (2014) Bio-economy and Industrialization, PG 5-6. The 2nd Technical University of Kenya Science, Technology and Innovation Research Conference, June 24th -27th, 2014, KICD, Nnairobi
  5. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio, Kanya James Ireri, Kimani John Munji, Wanjogu Rapheal Kinyanjui (2014) Taking advantage of segregation distortion to increase variability in breeding. Production of super yielding hybrid basmati rice in Kenya: progress and challenges. (2014) Workshop for presentation of research findings and proposals under National Irrigation Board 4th to 5th July 2013. Kenya School of Monitory Studies, Nairobi, Kenya.
  6. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio, Kanya James Ireri, Kimani John Munji, Wanjogu Rapheal Kinyanjui (2014) Breeding hybrid rice using P/TGMS in the tropics- from greenhouse to the field. Workshop for presentation of research findings and proposals under National Irrigation Board 4th to 5th July 2014. Kenya School of Monitory Studies, Nairobi, Kenya.
  7. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio, Kanya James Ireri, Kimani John Munji, Wanjogu Rapheal Kinyanjui (2014) Use of cold growth conditions to emasculate male gametes in rice. 8th Egerton University International Conference, Theme: Innovative Research for Global Development 26th – 28th March 2014, Faculty of Education Complex, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya
  8. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio and Xue Qingzhong (2013) Tracking the Expression of Photosensitive Genic Male Sterility Gene in Rice. University of Eldoret, First Interdisciplinary International Conference from 3rd to 5th September, 2013.
  9. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio, Kanya James Ireri, Kimani John Munji ,Wajogu Raphael Kinyanjui (2013). Production of super yielding hybrid basmati rice in Kenya: progress and challenges. (2013) Workshop for presentation of research findings and proposals under National Irrigation Board 13th to 14th June 2013. Kenya School of Monitory Studies, Nairobi, Kenya.
  10. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio (2013) Use of Breeding as a method of mitigating climate change on food security Environmental and Development Conference on; Linking Environmental Research to Kenya’s Development Agenda and Vision 2030. Technical University of Kenya in Collaboration with Alexander Von Humboldt Siftung /Foundation Nairobi, Kenya 9th -12th April 2013.
  11. Stephen Njoroge, Anne W. T. Muigai, Paul N.Njiruh and Sam Kariuki, (2013 ) Isolation, molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Escherichia coli isolates from Huruma & Kiserian goat in Kenya. Environmental and Development Conference on; Linking Environmental Research to Kenya’s Development Agenda and Vision 2030. Technical University of Kenya in Collaboration with Alexander Von Humboldt Siftung / Foundation Nairobi, Kenya 9th -12th April 2013.
  12. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio, Kanya James Ireri, Kimani John Munji ,Wajogu Raphael Kinyanjui, Kariuki Simon Njau, Ireri Frankline Kinyua. (2013). Progress and Challenges of Producing Super Yielding Hybrid Basmati Rice in Kenya. Science, Technology and Innovation for the realization of Kenya Vision 2030 and beyond, 2nd National Science, Technology and Innovation. Kenyatta International Conference Centre (KICC), Nairobi, Kenya. Pg.7
  13. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio (2013). Use of rice breeding as a method of mitigating effects of climate change on food security. “Linking Environmental Research to Kenya’s Development Agenda and Vision 2030”. Humboldt Kolleg 2013 Nairobi, Kenya. Pg 7.
  14. Maina S , Runo S M, Miano, D W, Njiruh P N, John I, E Mbogo, Monjero E. (2012) Partial nucleotide sequences of sweet potato leaf curl virus occurring in Kenya and its phylogenetic relationship with other members of begomoviruses. 7th JKUAT Scientific Conference 15th – 16th November 2012. JKUAT, Kenya
  15. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio, Kanya James Ireri, Kimani John. Wanjogu Raphael (2012). High Temperature Compensation to Make Pgms Completely Sterile Under Short Day Length Growth Conditions. 3rd Kenya Rice Researchers Forum Symposium 28th June 2012, at KARI HQ 2012. Nairobi, Kenya. Pg.21
  16. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio, Kanya James Ireri, Kimani John. Wanjogu Raphael (2012) Introduction of Hybrid Rice Seeds to Kenyan Farmer - A promising Reality. 13th KARI Biennial Scientific Conference and Exhibition of Innovations 22nd to 26th October 2012. KARI, Nairobi, Kenya
  17. Maina S, Miano, DW, Runo SM, Njiruh PN, John I, Mbogo E, Monjero, Juma K (2012) Distribution of Sweet Potato Leaf Curl Virus in Kenya (2012) 13th KARI Biennial Scientific Conference and Exhibition of Innovations 22nd to 26th October 2012. KARI, Nairobi, Kenya
  18. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio, Kanya James Ireri, Kimani John. Wanjogu Raphael (2012) Use of Anthocyanin Morphological Markers to select Hybrids from non-hybrids Basmati lines. 7TH Egerton University International Conference: Research and Expo Conference Programme, 26TH – 28TH September 2012. Nakuru, Kenya. Pg. 12.
  19. Maina S, Miano, DW, Runo SM, Njiruh PN, John I, Mbogo E, Monjero, Juma K (2012) Detection of Begomoviruses infecting Sweet potato in Kenya by Polymerase Chain Reaction. Innovation systems and knowledge-based economy for national development conference : 7-11 may 2012: Kenyatta International Conference Centre (KICC). Pg42. Nairobi. Kenya.
  20. Njiruh Paul Nthakanio, Kanya James Ireri, Kimani John Munji Wajogu Rapheal Kinyanju (2012) Establishing a “Microbial–plant” Interface as a means to control rice blast disease. “THE FUTURE OF BIODIVERSITY RESEARCH SCOPE, OPPORTUNITES, COLLABORATION, ACCESS AND SHARING BENEFITS”. Humboldt Conference:17th to 20th July 2012.
  21. Njiruh PN, Kanya JI, Kimani JM. Wajogu RK (2012) Adaptability of PGMS and TGMS rice lines for hybrid rice seed production in Kenya. Innovation systems and knowledge-based economy for national development conference: 7 - 11 may 2012: Kenyatta International Conference Centre (KICC). Nairobi. Kenya. Pg 34.
  22. Njiruh PN, Kanya JI, Kimani JM. Wajogu RK (2012) High Temperature Compensation to Make PGMS Completely Sterile Under Short Day Length Growth Conditions. Kenya Rice research forum Second symposium. 29th February 2012 at Panafric Hotel. Nairob, Kenya.
  23. Njiruh PN, Kanya JI, Kimani JM. Wajogu RK (2011) Evaluation of Thermosensitve and Photosensitive Genic Male Sterile Rice lines for use in Hybrids Seed Production in Kenya. Workshop for presentation of research findings and proposals under National Irrigation Board held at Kenya School of Monitory Studies on 25th to 26th October 2011.
  24. Njiruh P N (2009). THE CHALLENGES OF TEACHING TECHOLOGY : A BARRIER TO VISION 2030. International Conference on Education in Kenyatta University Conference Centre, Nairobi Kenya, Organized by Kenyatta University/Syracuse University. 8th – 10th July 2009.
  25. Njiruh PN and Xue QZ (2008) Programmed cell death-like behaviour in photoperiod –sensitive Genic Male Sterile (PGMS) rice. BIO-EARN/VICRES SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE in Kampala, Uganda, 24th to 26th November 2008.

Books/Book Chapters Published

  1. Nthakanio Paul Njiruh (2015) The Genetics of Molecular Biology: Notes. ISB. 978-3-659-62806-Ed. Iuliana Oaserele Lambert Academic Publishers. SaarbrĂźcken, Germany. In press
  2. Nthakanio Paul Njiruh (2014) Biology of the Cell : Notes. ISB. 978-3-659-62806-1. Ed. Luliana Oaserele Lambert Academic Publishers. SaarbrĂźcken, Germany.